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A pair of closed form functions (F,G) is said to be a Wilf-Zeilberger pair if F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)=G(n,k+1)-G(n,k). (1) The Wilf-Zeilberger formalism provides succinct proofs of ...

In an additive group G, the additive inverse of an element a is the element a^' such that a+a^'=a^'+a=0, where 0 is the additive identity of G. Usually, the additive inverse ...

For homogeneous polynomials P and Q of degree m and n, then sqrt((m!n!)/((m+n)!))[P]_2[Q]_2<=[P·Q]_2<=[P]_2[Q]_2, where [P·Q]_2 is the Bombieri norm.

Chain equivalences give an equivalence relation on the space of chain homomorphisms. Two chain complexes are chain equivalent if there are chain maps phi:C_*->D_* and ...

An n×n matrix A is an elementary matrix if it differs from the n×n identity I_n by a single elementary row or column operation.

An equation is a mathematical expression stating that two or more quantities are the same as one another, also called an equality, formula, or identity.

A representation phi of a group G is faithful if it is one-to-one, i.e., if phi(g)=phi(h) implies g=h for g,h in G. Equivalently, phi is faithful if phi(g)=I_n implies g=e, ...

Let B, A, and e be square matrices with e small, and define B=A(I+e), (1) where I is the identity matrix. Then the inverse of B is approximately B^(-1)=(I-e)A^(-1). (2) This ...

An identity which relates hypergeometric functions,

A diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements all contain the same scalar lambda. A scalar matrix is therefore equivalent to lambdaI, where I is the identity matrix.