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Scalar multiplication refers to the multiplication of a vector by a constant s, producing a vector in the same (for s>0) or opposite (for s<0) direction but of different ...

The bias of a series is defined as Q[a_i,a_(i+1),a_(i+2)]=(a_ia_(i+2)-a_(i+1)^2)/(a_ia_(i+1)a_(i+2)). A series is geometric iff Q=0. A series is artistic iff the bias is ...

Interest which is paid only on the principal and not on the additional amount generated by previous interest payments. A formula for computing simple interest is ...

If X is any compact space, let A be a subalgebra of the algebra C(X) over the reals R with binary operations + and ×. Then, if A contains the constant functions and separates ...

A fundamental structural result in extremal graph theory due to Szemerédi (1978). The regularity lemma essentially says that every graph can be well-approximated by the union ...

An algorithm which finds a polynomial recurrence for terminating hypergeometric identities of the form sum_(k)(n; ...

The coordinate system obtained by inversion of Cartesian coordinates, with u,v,w in (-infty,infty). The transformation equations are x = u/(u^2+v^2+w^2) (1) y = ...

For some constant alpha_0, alpha(f,z)<alpha_0 implies that z is an approximate zero of f, where alpha(f,z)=(|f(z)|)/(|f^'(z)|)sup_(k>1)|(f^((k))(z))/(k!f^'(z))|^(1/(k-1)). ...

A coordinate system which is similar to bispherical coordinates but having fourth-degree surfaces instead of second-degree surfaces for constant mu. The coordinates are given ...

A system of curvilinear coordinates variously denoted (xi,eta,phi) (Arfken 1970) or (theta,eta,psi) (Moon and Spencer 1988). Using the notation of Arfken, the bispherical ...