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A sequence of circles which closes (such as a Steiner chain or the circles inscribed in the arbelos) is called a chain.

Not decidable as a result of being neither formally provable nor unprovable.

If alpha is any number and m and n are integers, then there is a rational number m/n for which |alpha-m/n|<=1/n. (1) If alpha is irrational and k is any whole number, there ...

A hypergeometric identity discovered by Ramanujan around 1910. From Hardy (1999, pp. 13 and 102-103), (1) where a^((n))=a(a+1)...(a+n-1) (2) is the rising factorial (a.k.a. ...

Eigenvalues are a special set of scalars associated with a linear system of equations (i.e., a matrix equation) that are sometimes also known as characteristic roots, ...

Number Theory

If, in two solids of equal altitude, the sections made by planes parallel to and at the same distance from their respective bases are always equal, then the volumes of the ...

Given a hereditary representation of a number n in base b, let B[b](n) be the nonnegative integer which results if we syntactically replace each b by b+1 (i.e., B[b] is a ...

The generalized hypergeometric function is given by a hypergeometric series, i.e., a series for which the ratio of successive terms can be written ...

An accumulation point is a point which is the limit of a sequence, also called a limit point. For some maps, periodic orbits give way to chaotic ones beyond a point known as ...