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The beautiful arrangement of leaves in some plants, called phyllotaxis, obeys a number of subtle mathematical relationships. For instance, the florets in the head of a ...

Two lengths are called incommensurate or incommensurable if their ratio cannot be expressed as a ratio of whole numbers. Irrational numbers and transcendental numbers are ...

The constant ratio by which all distances are increased (or decreased) in a similarity. A similarity with ratio of magnification equal to 1 is called an isometry.

Go is played on a 19×19 grid, with pieces being placed at the intersections of grid lines, rather than in the middle of them. Go boards have a number of peculiarities, ...

Cut a sphere by a plane in such a way that the volumes of the spherical segments have a given ratio.

A necessary and sufficient condition for a curve to be a helix is that the ratio of curvature to torsion be constant.

The ratio of the absolute frequency to the total number of data points in a frequency distribution.

Any two ranges {ABC...} and {A^'B^'C^'...} which are situated on the same or different lines are said to be homographic when the cross ratio of any four points on one range ...

Two figures are homothetic if they are related by a dilation (a dilation is also known as a homothecy). This means that the connectors of corresponding points are concurrent ...

The golden ratio conjugate, also called the silver ratio, is the quantity Phi = 1/phi (1) = phi-1 (2) = 2/(1+sqrt(5)) (3) = (sqrt(5)-1)/2 (4) = 0.6180339887... (5) (OEIS ...