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The word "normal form" is used in a variety of different ways in mathematics. In general, it refers to a way of representing objects so that, although each may have many ...

Let (X,A,mu) and (Y,B,nu) be measure spaces, let R be the collection of all measurable rectangles contained in X×Y, and let lambda be the premeasure defined on R by ...

A root of a polynomial P(z) is a number z_i such that P(z_i)=0. The fundamental theorem of algebra states that a polynomial P(z) of degree n has n roots, some of which may be ...

Let G=(V,E) be a finite graph, let Omega be the set Omega={0,1}^E whose members are vectors omega=(omega(e):e in E), and let F be the sigma-algebra of all subsets of Omega. A ...

Several prizes are awarded periodically for outstanding mathematical achievement. There is no Nobel Prize in mathematics, and the most prestigious mathematical award is known ...

A quadratic equation is a second-order polynomial equation in a single variable x ax^2+bx+c=0, (1) with a!=0. Because it is a second-order polynomial equation, the ...

A sequence of polynomials p_i(x), for i=0, 1, 2, ..., where p_i(x) is exactly of degree i for all i.

A birotunda in which the bases are in the same orientation.

An action with G=R^+.

The probability that a statistical test will be positive for a true statistic.