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The base-20 notational system for representing real numbers. The digits used to represent numbers using vigesimal notation are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F, ...

If at least one of d, e, or f has the form q^(-N) for some nonnegative integer N (in which case both sums terminate after N+1 terms), then ...

A theorem that classifies planar regular closed curves up to regular homotopy by their contour winding numbers (Whitney 1937). In his thesis, S. Smale generalized this result ...

The connective in logic corresponding to the exclusive nor operation. A XNOR B is equivalent to (A ^ B) v (!A ^ !B), where ^ denotes AND, v denotes OR, and !A denotes NOT. ...

The zonal polynomials are a class of orthogonal polynomials. They are a special case of the Jack polynomials corresponding to the case alpha=2.

If three circles A, B, and C are taken in pairs, the external similarity points of the three pairs lie on a straight line. Similarly, the external similarity point of one ...

Landau's problems are the four "unattackable" problems mentioned by Landau in the 1912 Fifth Congress of Mathematicians in Cambridge, namely: 1. The Goldbach conjecture, 2. ...

The theorem, originally conjectured by Berge (1960, 1961), that a graph is perfect iff neither the graph nor its graph complement contains an odd graph cycle of length at ...

Dyson (1962abc) conjectured that the constant term in the Laurent series product_(1<=i!=j<=n)(1-(x_i)/(x_j))^(a_i) (1) is the multinomial coefficient ...

An arithmetic progression, also known as an arithmetic sequence, is a sequence of n numbers {a_0+kd}_(k=0)^(n-1) such that the differences between successive terms is a ...