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A pair of quantities (a, b) where ordering is significant, so (a, b) is considered distinct from (b, a) for a!=b.

A point p on a regular surface M in R^3 is said to be parabolic if the Gaussian curvature K(p)=0 but S(p)!=0 (where S is the shape operator), or equivalently, exactly one of ...

A vertex of a graph is said to be pendant if its neighborhood contains exactly one vertex.

The angular position of a quantity. For example, the phase of a function cos(omegat+phi_0) as a function of time is phi(t)=omegat+phi_0. The complex argument of a complex ...

The positions of the geometric centroid of a planar non-self-intersecting polygon with vertices (x_1,y_1), ..., (x_n,y_n) are x^_ = ...

Polypons are polyforms obtained from dividing a regular triangular grid into 30-30-120 triangles, illustrated above. The numbers of polypons with n=1, 2, ... components are ...

A one-dimensional line segment where two two-dimensional faces of an n-dimensional polytope meet, also called a side.

The term used in physics and engineering for a harmonic function. Potential functions are extremely useful, for example, in electromagnetism, where they reduce the study of a ...

The problem of forecasting future values X_(t+tau) (tau>0) of a weakly stationary process {X_t} from the known values X_s (s<=t).

Let S be a collection of subsets of a set X and let mu:S->[0,infty] be a set function. The function mu is called a premeasure provided that mu is finitely additive, countably ...