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Modular arithmetic is the arithmetic of congruences, sometimes known informally as "clock arithmetic." In modular arithmetic, numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a given ...

The truncated dodecadodecahedral graph is the skeleton of the truncated dodecadodecahedron, which is the only uniform polyhedron for which this is the case. It will be ...

The chromatic number of a graph is at most the maximum vertex degree Delta, unless the graph is complete or an odd cycle, in which case Delta+1 colors are required.

One of the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms. Let X be a single point space. H_n(X)=0 unless n=0, in which case H_0(X)=G where G are some groups. The H_0 are called the coefficients ...

The set of nilpotent elements in a commutative ring is an ideal, and it is called the nilradical. Another equivalent description is that it is the intersection of the prime ...

A partial algebra is a pair A=(A,(f_i^A)_(i in I)), where for each i in I, there are an ordinal number alpha_i and a set X_i subset= A^(alpha_i) such that f_i^A is a function ...

In the plane, if a line intersects one side of a triangle and misses the three vertices, then it must intersect one of the other two sides. This is a special case of the ...

A nonconformal, equal-area projection which is a special case of the Bonne projection where one of the poles is taken as the standard parallel. Because of its heart shape, ...

A stationary point process X is said to drive a model of continuum percolation theory if one of the characterizing axioms of the model hinges on the existence of X. In this ...

A rotation group is a group in which the elements are orthogonal matrices with determinant 1. In the case of three-dimensional space, the rotation group is known as the ...