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Given a matrix equation Ax=b, the normal equation is that which minimizes the sum of the square differences between the left and right sides: A^(T)Ax=A^(T)b. It is called a ...

The sum of the aliquot divisors of n, given by s(n)=sigma(n)-n, where sigma(n) is the divisor function. The first few values are 0, 1, 1, 3, 1, 6, 1, 7, 4, 8, 1, 16, ... ...

Interest which is paid only on the principal and not on the additional amount generated by previous interest payments. A formula for computing simple interest is ...

A closed geometric figure on the surface of a sphere which is formed by the arcs of great circles. The spherical polygon is a generalization of the spherical triangle. If ...

The figure formed when the midpoints of the sides of a convex quadrilateral are joined in order is a parallelogram. Equivalently, the bimedians bisect each other. The area of ...

For a point P inside an equilateral triangle DeltaABC, the sum of the perpendiculars p_i from P to the sides of the triangle is equal to the altitude h. This result is simply ...

Faà di Bruno's formula gives an explicit equation for the nth derivative of the composition f(g(t)). If f(t) and g(t) are functions for which all necessary derivatives are ...

Consider a set A_n={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} of n positive integer-denomination postage stamps sorted such that 1=a_1<a_2<...<a_n. Suppose they are to be used on an envelope with ...

The rank polynomial R(x,y) of a general graph G is the function defined by R(x,y)=sum_(S subset= E(G))x^(r(S))y^(s(S)), (1) where the sum is taken over all subgraphs (i.e., ...

A method for finding recurrence relations for hypergeometric polynomials directly from the series expansions of the polynomials. The method is effective and easily ...