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A logical structure which does not assume the law of the excluded middle. Three truth values are possible: true, false, or undecided. There are 3072 such logics.

The function defined by y=ks^xb^(q^x) which is used in actuarial science for specifying a simplified mortality law (Kenney and Keeping 1962, pp. 241-242). Using s(x) as the ...

The inertial subranges of velocity power spectra for homogeneous turbulence exhibit a power law with exponent -5/3. This exponent (-5/3) is called the Kolmogorov constant by ...

An affine transformation in which the scale is reduced.

A general concept in category theory involving the globalization of topological or differential structures. The term derives from the Greek omicronlambdaomicronsigma (holos) ...

The differential equation describing exponential growth is (dN)/(dt)=rN. (1) This can be integrated directly int_(N_0)^N(dN)/N=int_0^trdt (2) to give ln(N/(N_0))=rt, (3) ...

Specifying two sides and the angle between them uniquely (up to geometric congruence) determines a triangle. Let c be the base length and h be the height. Then the area is ...

Exponential growth is the increase in a quantity N according to the law N(t)=N_0e^(lambdat) (1) for a parameter t and constant lambda (the analog of the decay constant), ...

A group or other algebraic object is said to be Abelian (sometimes written in lower case, i.e., "abelian") if the law of commutativity always holds. The term is named after ...

A group in which the elements are square matrices, the group multiplication law is matrix multiplication, and the group inverse is simply the matrix inverse. Every matrix ...