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A (2n)×(2n) complex matrix A in C^(2n×2n) is said to be Hamiltonian if J_nA=(J_nA)^(H), (1) where J_n in R^(2n×2n) is the matrix of the form J_n=[0 I_n; I_n 0], (2) I_n is ...

A connected labeled graph with n graph edges in which all graph vertices can be labeled with distinct integers (mod n) so that the sums of the pairs of numbers at the ends of ...

To solve the heat conduction equation on a two-dimensional disk of radius a=1, try to separate the equation using U(r,theta,t)=R(r)Theta(theta)T(t). (1) Writing the theta and ...

A heptahedron is a polyhedron with seven faces. Because there are 34 heptahedral graphs, there are 34 topologically distinct convex heptahedra. There are three semiregular ...

The r-Hofstadter triangle of a given triangle DeltaABC is perspective to DeltaABC, and the perspector is called the Hofstadter point. The triangle center function is ...

Horowitz reduction is used in indefinite integration to reduce a rational function into polynomial and logarithmic parts. The polynomial part is then trivially integrated, ...

A technically defined extension of the ordinary determinant to "higher dimensional" hypermatrices. Cayley (1845) originally coined the term, but subsequently used it to refer ...

The extension of a, an ideal in commutative ring A, in a ring B, is the ideal generated by its image f(a) under a ring homomorphism f. Explicitly, it is any finite sum of the ...

The notion of height is defined for proper ideals in a commutative Noetherian unit ring R. The height of a proper prime ideal P of R is the maximum of the lengths n of the ...

The radical of an ideal a in a ring R is the ideal which is the intersection of all prime ideals containing a. Note that any ideal is contained in a maximal ideal, which is ...