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The term "closure" has various meanings in mathematics. The topological closure of a subset A of a topological space X is the smallest closed subset of X containing A. If R ...

Codimension is a term used in a number of algebraic and geometric contexts to indicate the difference between the dimension of certain objects and the dimension of a smaller ...

The conchoid of de Sluze is the cubic curve first constructed by René de Sluze in 1662. It is given by the implicit equation (x-1)(x^2+y^2)=ax^2, (1) or the polar equation ...

Let X and Y be sets, and let R subset= X×Y be a relation on X×Y. Then R is a concurrent relation if and only if for any finite subset F of X, there exists a single element p ...

A number which can be represented by a finite number of additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions, and finite square root extractions of integers. Such numbers ...

A concise notation based on the concept of the tangle used by Conway (1967) to enumerate prime knots up to 11 crossings. An algebraic knot containing no negative signs in its ...

Degen's eight-square identity is the incredible polynomial identity (1) found around 1818 by the Danish mathematician Ferdinand Degen (1766-1825). It was subsequently ...

Each of the sets forming a direct product is said to be a direct factor. A group G is said to be a direct factor of the group G^' if G^' is isomorphic to the group direct ...

A discriminant is a quantity (usually invariant under certain classes of transformations) which characterizes certain properties of a quantity's roots. The concept of the ...

The elliptic hyperboloid is the generalization of the hyperboloid to three distinct semimajor axes. The elliptic hyperboloid of one sheet is a ruled surface and has Cartesian ...