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A univariate distribution proportional to the F-distribution. If the vector d is Gaussian multivariate-distributed with zero mean and unit covariance matrix N_p(0,I) and M is ...

A hyperbolic fixed point of a differential equation is a fixed point for which the stability matrix has eigenvalues lambda_1<0<lambda_2, also called a saddle point. A ...

For an n×n matrix, let S denote any permutation e_1, e_2, ..., e_n of the set of numbers 1, 2, ..., n, and let chi^((lambda))(S) be the character of the symmetric group ...

A riffle shuffle, in which the top half of the deck is placed in the left hand, and cards are then alternatively interleaved from the left and right hands. Using an ...

Given a sequence of real numbers a_n, the infimum limit (also called the limit inferior or lower limit), written lim inf and pronounced 'lim-inf,' is the limit of ...

Let Q(x)=Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) be an integer-valued n-ary quadratic form, i.e., a polynomial with integer coefficients which satisfies Q(x)>0 for real x!=0. Then Q(x) can be ...

In univariate interpolation, an interpolant is a function L=L(x) which agrees with a particular function f at a set of known points x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n and which is used to ...

The line L^' through a triangle polygon vertex obtained by reflecting an initial line L (also through a polygon vertex) about the angle bisector. If three lines from the ...

Jacobi-Gauss quadrature, also called Jacobi quadrature or Mehler quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with weighting function ...

A complicated polynomial root-finding algorithm which is used in the IMSL® (IMSL, Houston, TX) library and which Press et al. (1992) describe as "practically a standard in ...