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The Möbius strip, also called the twisted cylinder (Henle 1994, p. 110), is a one-sided nonorientable surface obtained by cutting a closed band into a single strip, giving ...

A normal distribution in a variate X with mean mu and variance sigma^2 is a statistic distribution with probability density function ...

The Pappus graph is a cubic symmetric distance-regular graph on 18 vertices, illustrated above in three embeddings. It is Hamiltonian and can be represented in LCF notation ...

The fraction of odd values of the partition function P(n) is roughly 50%, independent of n, whereas odd values of Q(n) occur with ever decreasing frequency as n becomes ...

A polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one or more variables multiplied by coefficients. A polynomial in one variable (i.e., a univariate ...

RSA numbers are difficult to-factor composite numbers having exactly two prime factors (i.e., so-called semiprimes) that were listed in the Factoring Challenge of RSA ...

The regular icosahedron (often simply called "the" icosahedron) is the regular polyhedron and Platonic solid illustrated above having 12 polyhedron vertices, 30 polyhedron ...

There exist infinitely many odd integers k such that k·2^n-1 is composite for every n>=1. Numbers k with this property are called Riesel numbers, while analogous numbers with ...

A Sierpiński number of the second kind is a number k satisfying Sierpiński's composite number theorem, i.e., a Proth number k such that k·2^n+1 is composite for every n>=1. ...

The spherical harmonics Y_l^m(theta,phi) are the angular portion of the solution to Laplace's equation in spherical coordinates where azimuthal symmetry is not present. Some ...