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Roughly speaking, a tangent vector is an infinitesimal displacement at a specific point on a manifold. The set of tangent vectors at a point P forms a vector space called the ...

The 2-cusped epicycloid is called a nephroid. The name nephroid means "kidney shaped" and was first used for the two-cusped epicycloid by Proctor in 1878 (MacTutor Archive). ...

The Nevanlinna Prize is awarded by the International Mathematical Union to outstanding contributors to the mathematical aspects of information science. The International ...

Given two starting numbers (a_1,a_2), the following table gives the unique sequences {a_i} that contain no three-term arithmetic progressions. Sloane sequence A003278 1, 2, ...

In the field of percolation theory, the term percolation threshold is used to denote the probability which "marks the arrival" (Grimmett 1999) of an infinite connected ...

P is the point on the line AB such that PA^_/PB^_=1. It can also be thought of as the point of intersection of two parallel lines. In 1639, Desargues (1864) became the first ...

Consider the plane figure obtained by drawing each diagonal in a regular polygon with n vertices. If each point of intersection is associated with a node and diagonals are ...

The Poussin graph is the 15-node planar graph illustrated above that tangles the Kempe chains in Kempe's algorithm and thus provides an example of how Kempe's supposed proof ...

Hardy and Littlewood (1914) proved that the sequence {frac(x^n)}, where frac(x) is the fractional part, is equidistributed for almost all real numbers x>1 (i.e., the ...

A prime magic square is a magic square consisting only of prime numbers (although the number 1 is sometimes allowed in such squares). The left square is the 3×3 prime magic ...