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An outlier is an observation that lies outside the overall pattern of a distribution (Moore and McCabe 1999). Usually, the presence of an outlier indicates some sort of ...

An integer-relation algorithm which is based on a partial sum of squares approach, from which the algorithm takes its name.

Given two paired sets X_i and Y_i of n measured values, the paired t-test determines whether they differ from each other in a significant way under the assumptions that the ...

The arc length of the parabolic segment y=h(1-(x^2)/(a^2)) (1) illustrated above is given by s = int_(-a)^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (2) = 2int_0^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (3) = ...

The parallelogram law gives the rule for vector addition of vectors A and B. The sum A+B of the vectors is obtained by placing them head to tail and drawing the vector from ...

The Parry point is one of the two intersections of the Parry circle and the circumcircle of a triangle (the other is the focus of the Kiepert parabola, which is Kimberling ...

The pentagonal orthobicupola is a convex equilateral orthobicupola having regular pentagonal upper and lower faces. It is Johnson solid J_(30). The unit pentagonal ...

A graphical plot with abscissa given by the number p of consecutive numbers constituting a single period and ordinate given by the correlation ratio eta. The equation of the ...

Given two intersecting lines OA and OB forming an angle with vertex at O and a point X inside the angle ∠AOB, the Philo line (or Philon line) is the shortest line segment AB ...

The Pippenger product is an unexpected Wallis-like formula for e given by e/2=(2/1)^(1/2)(2/34/3)^(1/4)(4/56/56/78/7)^(1/8)... (1) (OEIS A084148 and A084149; Pippenger 1980). ...