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An elliptic function can be characterized by its real and imaginary half-periods omega_1 and omega_2 (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 428), sometimes also denoted ...

Various handshaking problems are in circulation, the most common one being the following. In a room of n people, how many different handshakes are possible? The answer is (n; ...

A square matrix with constant skew diagonals. In other words, a Hankel matrix is a matrix in which the (i,j)th entry depends only on the sum i+j. Such matrices are sometimes ...

Let s_i be the orders of singular points on a curve (Coolidge 1959, p. 56). Harnack's first theorem states that a real irreducible curve of order n cannot have more than ...

A partial differential diffusion equation of the form (partialU)/(partialt)=kappadel ^2U. (1) Physically, the equation commonly arises in situations where kappa is the ...

The Heine-Borel theorem states that a subspace of R^n (with the usual topology) is compact iff it is closed and bounded. The Heine-Borel theorem can be proved using the ...

An optical illusion due to the physiologist Ewald Hering in 1861. The two horizontal lines are both straight, but they look as if they were bowed outwards. The distortion is ...

A regular two-dimensional arrangement of squares separated by vertical and horizontal "canals." Looking at the grid produces the illusion of gray spots in the white area ...

The mean triangle area of a triangle picked inside a regular hexagon with unit area is A^_=289/3888 (Woolhouse 1867, Pfiefer 1989). This is a special case of a general ...

The bifurcation of a fixed point to a limit cycle (Tabor 1989).