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Let B={b_1,b_2,...} be an infinite Abelian semigroup with linear order b_1<b_2<... such that b_1 is the unit element and a<b implies ac<bc for a,b,c in B. Define a Möbius ...

A quartic curve with implicit equation (a^2)/(x^2)-(b^2)/(y^2)=1 (1) or a^2y^2-b^2x^2=x^2y^2 (2) and a,b>0. In parametric form, x = +/-acost (3) y = bcott. (4) The curvature ...

Any n-dimensional Riemannian manifold can be locally embedded into an (n+1)-dimensional manifold with Ricci curvature Tensor R_(ab)=0. A similar version of the theorem for a ...

Let g:R->R be a function and let h>0, and define the cardinal series of g with respect to the interval h as the formal series sum_(k=-infty)^inftyg(kh)sinc((x-kh)/h), where ...

The catacaustic of a cardioid for a radiant point along the x-axis is complicated function of x. For x=0 (i.e., with radiant point at the cusp), however, the catacaustic for ...

Using a Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind T(x), define c_j = 2/Nsum_(k=1)^(N)f(x_k)T_j(x_k) (1) = 2/Nsum_(k=1)^(N)f[cos{(pi(k-1/2))/N}]cos{(pij(k-1/2))/N}. (2) Then f(x) ...

Apply Markov's inequality with a=k^2 to obtain P[(x-mu)^2>=k^2]<=(<(x-mu)^2>)/(k^2)=(sigma^2)/(k^2). (1) Therefore, if a random variable x has a finite mean mu and finite ...

The Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind are a set of orthogonal polynomials defined as the solutions to the Chebyshev differential equation and denoted T_n(x). They are ...

Let X be a normed space, M and N be algebraically complemented subspaces of X (i.e., M+N=X and M intersection N={0}), pi:X->X/M be the quotient map, phi:M×N->X be the natural ...

The complete elliptic integral of the first kind K(k), illustrated above as a function of the elliptic modulus k, is defined by K(k) = F(1/2pi,k) (1) = ...