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The cyclic group C_(10) is the unique Abelian group of group order 10 (the other order-10 group being the non-Abelian D_5). Examples include the integers modulo 10 under ...

The cyclic group C_9 is one of the two Abelian groups of group order 9 (the other order-9 Abelian group being C_3×C_3; there are no non-Abelian groups of order 9). An example ...

A connected labeled graph with n graph edges in which all graph vertices can be labeled with distinct integers (mod n) so that the sums of the pairs of numbers at the ends of ...

A polynomial of the form f(x)=a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0 having coefficients a_i that are all integers. An integer polynomial gives integer values for all integer ...

For every ring containing p spheres, there exists a ring of q spheres, each touching each of the p spheres, where 1/p+1/q=1/2, (1) which can also be written (p-2)(q-2)=4. (2) ...

A set in which no element divides the sum of any nonempty subset of the other elements. For example, {2,3,5} is dividing, since 2|(3+5) (and 5|(2+3)), but {4,6,7} is ...

A sentential formula that contains at least one free variable (Carnap 1958, p. 24). A sentential variable containing no free variables (i.e., all variables are bound) is ...

Let 0<p_1<p_2<... be integers and suppose that there exists a lambda>1 such that p_(j+1)/p_j>lambda for j=1, 2, .... Suppose that for some sequence of complex numbers {a_j} ...

It is possible to describe a set of positive integers that cannot be listed in a book containing a set of counting numbers on each consecutively numbered page. Another form ...

A sequence of approximations a/b to sqrt(n) can be derived by factoring a^2-nb^2=+/-1 (1) (where -1 is possible only if -1 is a quadratic residue of n). Then ...