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A point x_0 is said to be a periodic point of a function f of period n if f^n(x_0)=x_0, where f^0(x)=x and f^n(x) is defined recursively by f^n(x)=f(f^(n-1)(x)).

The word saltus has two different meanings: either a jump or an oscillation of a function.

A function f which may (but does not necessarily) associate a given member of the range of f with more than one member of the domain of f. For example, trigonometric ...

For a delta function at (x_0,y_0), R(p,tau) = int_(-infty)^inftyint_(-infty)^inftydelta(x-x_0)delta(y-y_0)delta[y-(tau+px)]dydx (1) = ...

A modified spherical Bessel function of the second kind, also called a "spherical modified Bessel function of the first kind" (Arfken 1985) or (regrettably) a "modified ...

By way of analogy with the prime counting function pi(x), the notation pi_(a,b)(x) denotes the number of primes of the form ak+b less than or equal to x (Shanks 1993, pp. ...

The interval (generally, the smallest interval) over which the values of a periodic function recur. Functions may have one or more periods over time and in space.

The image of the path gamma in C under the function f is called the trace. This usage of the term "trace" is unrelated to the same term applied to matrices or tensors.

The natural domain of a function is the maximal chain of domains on which it can be analytically continued to a single-valued function.

The variation of a function which exhibits slope changes, also called the saltus of a function. A series may also oscillate, causing it not to converge.