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In the illusion illustrated above, when the concentric square borders with rounded edges are rotated slowly, the entire pattern appears to pulsate radially.

If the matrices A, X, B, and C satisfy AX-XB=C, then [I X; 0 I][A C; 0 B][I -X; 0 I]=[A 0; 0 B], where I is the identity matrix.

An odd Walsh function with sequency k defined by Sal(n,k)=W(n,2k).

Sample size is the number of observations in a sample (Evans et al. 2000, p. 16). It is commonly denoted n or N.

In order for a band-limited (i.e., one with a zero power spectrum for frequencies nu>B) baseband (nu>0) signal to be reconstructed fully, it must be sampled at a rate nu>=2B. ...

A diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements all contain the same scalar lambda. A scalar matrix is therefore equivalent to lambdaI, where I is the identity matrix.

Scalar multiplication refers to the multiplication of a vector by a constant s, producing a vector in the same (for s>0) or opposite (for s<0) direction but of different ...

Increasing a plane figure's linear dimensions by a scale factor s increases the perimeter p^'->sp and the area A^'->s^2A.

A correspondence between a permutation and a pair of Young tableaux.

A definition of a function using a contour integral. Schläfli integrals may be converted into Rodrigues representations.