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The evolute of the cycloid x(t) = a(t-sint) (1) y(t) = a(1-cost) (2) is given by x(t) = a(t+sint) (3) y(t) = a(cost-1). (4) As can be seen in the above figure, the evolute is ...

A natural number n>3 such that n|(a^(n-2)-a) whenever (a,n)=1 (a and n are relatively prime) and a<=n. (Here, n|m means that n divides m.) There are an infinite number of ...

A database can be roughly defined as a structure consisting of 1. A collection of information (the data), 2. A collection of queries that can be submitted, and 3. A ...

The radial curve of the deltoid x = 1/3a[2cost+cos(2t)] (1) y = 1/3a[2sint-sin(2t)] (2) with radiant point (x_0,y_0) is the trifolium x_r = x_0+4/3a[cost-cos(2t)] (3) y_r = ...

Given a square matrix M, the following are equivalent: 1. |M|!=0. 2. The columns of M are linearly independent. 3. The rows of M are linearly independent. 4. Range(M) = R^n. ...

The metric g defined on a nonempty set X by g(x,x) = 0 (1) g(x,y) = 1 (2) if x!=y for all x,y in X. It follows that the open ball of radius r>0 and center at x_0 B(x_0,r)={x ...

Down arrow notation is an inverse of the Knuth up-arrow notation defined by evn = lnn (1) evvn = ln^*n (2) evvvn = ln^(**)n, (3) where ln^*n is the number of times the ...

Dyads extend vectors to provide an alternative description to second tensor rank tensors. A dyad D(A,B) of a pair of vectors A and B is defined by D(A,B)=AB. The dot product ...

The eccentric angle of a point on an ellipse with semimajor axes of length a and semiminor axes of length b is the angle t in the parametrization x = acost (1) y = bsint, (2) ...

The Elsasser function is defined by the integral E(y,u)=int_(-1/2)^(1/2)exp[-(2piyusinh(2piy))/(cosh(2piy)-cos(2pix))]dx. (1) Special values include E(0,u) = 1 (2) E(y,0) = ...