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A geometric construction done with a movable compass alone. All constructions possible with a compass and straightedge are possible with a movable compass alone, as was ...

The largest value of a set, function, etc. The maximum value of a set of elements A={a_i}_(i=1)^N is denoted maxA or max_(i)a_i, and is equal to the last element of a sorted ...

The terms "measure," "measurable," etc. have very precise technical definitions (usually involving sigma-algebras) that can make them appear difficult to understand. However, ...

A Diophantine problem (i.e., one whose solution must be given in terms of integers) which seeks a solution to the following problem. Given n men and a pile of coconuts, each ...

Multivariate zeta function, also called multiple zeta values, multivariate zeta constants (Bailey et al. 2006, p. 43), multi-zeta values (Bailey et al. 2006, p. 17), and ...

An NSW number (named after Newman, Shanks, and Williams) is an integer m that solves the Diophantine equation 2n^2=m^2+1. (1) In other words, the NSW numbers m index the ...

An Ore graph is a graph that satisfies Ore's theorem, i.e., a graph G for which the sums of the degrees of nonadjacent vertices is greater than or equal to the number of ...

If all the diagonals--including those obtained by "wrapping around" the edges--of a magic square sum to the same magic constant, the square is said to be a panmagic square ...

The Pell graph Pi_n is the graph defined as follows. Consider n-tuples of (0,1,2) such that maximal blocks of an odd number of 2's are forbidden. Take these as the vertices ...

The Petersen family of graphs, not to be confused with generalized Petersen graphs, are a set of seven graphs obtained from the Petersen graph (or complete graph K_6) by del ...