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In the theory of special functions, a class of functions is said to be "of the third kind" if it is similar to but distinct from previously defined functions already defined ...

A lamp is turned on for 1/2 minute, off for 1/4 minute, on for 1/8 minute, etc. At the end of one minute, the lamp switch will have been moved aleph_0 times, where aleph_0 is ...

A self-avoiding walk in which steps may be to the left, right, or straight ahead after a vertical step, but only straight ahead or to the left after a horizontal step. A ...

The operation of multiplication, i.e., a times b. Various notations are a×b, a·b, a*b, ab, and (a)(b). The "multiplication sign" × is based on Saint Andrew's cross (Bergamini ...

The term cube is used in topology to denote the Cartesian product of any (finite or infinite) number of copies of the closed interval [0,1] equipped with the product topology ...

Two maps phi,psi:M->M are said to be topologically conjugate if there exists a homeomorphism h:M->M such that phi degreesh=h degreespsi, i.e., h maps psi-orbits onto ...

The toroidal crossing number cr_(1)(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings with which G can be drawn on a torus. A planar graph has toroidal crossing number 0, ...

A (p,q)-torus knot is obtained by looping a string through the hole of a torus p times with q revolutions before joining its ends, where p and q are relatively prime. A ...

A totally imaginary field is a field with no real embeddings. A general number field K of degree n has s real embeddings (0<=s<=n) and 2t imaginary embeddings (0<=t<=n/2), ...

A trace form on an arbitrary algebra A is a symmetric bilinear form (x,y) such that (xy,z)=(x,yz) for all x,y,z in A (Schafer 1996, p. 24).