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An axiomatic system is said to be categorical if there is only one essentially distinct representation for it. In particular, the names and types of objects within the system ...

The parameters alpha, beta, gamma, and delta which, like the three Euler angles, provide a way to uniquely characterize the orientation of a solid body. These parameters ...

The central beta function is defined by beta(p)=B(p,p), (1) where B(p,q) is the beta function. It satisfies the identities beta(p) = 2^(1-2p)B(p,1/2) (2) = ...

The Cesàro means of a function f are the arithmetic means sigma_n=1/n(s_0+...+s_(n-1)), (1) n=1, 2, ..., where the addend s_k is the kth partial sum ...

A chamfered tertrahedron, also known as the alternate truncated cube, is a polyhedron obtained by chamfering a regular tetrahedron. The illustration above shows increasing ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula over the interval [-1,1] which has weighting function W(x)=x. The general formula is int_(-1)^1xf(x)dx=sum_(i=1)^nw_i[f(x_i)-f(-x_i)]. n ...

The hyperbolic cosine integral, often called the "Chi function" for short, is defined by Chi(z)=gamma+lnz+int_0^z(cosht-1)/tdt, (1) where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni ...

One of the quantities lambda_i appearing in the Gauss-Jacobi mechanical quadrature. They satisfy lambda_1+lambda_2+...+lambda_n = int_a^bdalpha(x) (1) = alpha(b)-alpha(a) (2) ...

The involute of the circle was first studied by Huygens when he was considering clocks without pendula for use on ships at sea. He used the circle involute in his first ...

The pedal curve of a unit circle with parametric equation x = cost (1) y = sint (2) with pedal point (x,y) is x_p = cost-ycostsint+xsin^2t (3) y_p = ...