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The catacaustic of a cardioid for a radiant point along the x-axis is complicated function of x. For x=0 (i.e., with radiant point at the cusp), however, the catacaustic for ...

A map projection defined by x = sin^(-1)[cosphisin(lambda-lambda_0)] (1) y = tan^(-1)[(tanphi)/(cos(lambda-lambda_0))]. (2) The inverse formulas are phi = sin^(-1)(sinDcosx) ...

The metric of Felix Klein's model for hyperbolic geometry, g_(11) = (a^2(1-x_2^2))/((1-x_1^2-x_2^2)^2) (1) g_(12) = (a^2x_1x_2)/((1-x_1^2-x_2^2)^2) (2) g_(22) = ...

A change of coordinates matrix, also called a transition matrix, specifies the transformation from one vector basis to another under a change of basis. For example, if ...

A typesetting symbol which has several distinct meanings in mathematics. It is used for a number of purposes. 1. To denote Boundaries between elements in a list, as in ...

The conditional probability of an event A assuming that B has occurred, denoted P(A|B), equals P(A|B)=(P(A intersection B))/(P(B)), (1) which can be proven directly using a ...

Functions which can be expressed in terms of Legendre functions of the first and second kinds. See Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 337). P_(-1/2+ip)(costheta) = (1) = ...

A function that joins univariate distribution functions to form multivariate distribution functions. A two-dimensional copula is a function C:I^2->I such that C(0,t)=C(t,0)=0 ...

The catacaustic of one arch of a cycloid given parametrically as x = t-sint (1) y = 1-cost (2) is a complicated expression for an arbitrary radiant point. For the case of the ...

The rotation vector of the trihedron of a curve with curvature kappa!=0 when a point moves along a curve with unit speed. It is given by D=tauT+kappaB, (1) where tau is the ...