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The smallest number of times u(K) a knot K must be passed through itself to untie it. Lower bounds can be computed using relatively straightforward techniques, but it is in ...

A double sum is a series having terms depending on two indices, sum_(i,j)b_(ij). (1) A finite double series can be written as a product of series ...

The function psi(x)={sin(x/c) |x|<cpi; 0 |x|>cpi, (1) which occurs in estimation theory.

The Atzema spiral, also known as the Pritch-Atzema spiral, is the curve whose catacaustic for a radiant point at the origin is a circle, as illustrated above. It has ...

Given the functional (1) find in a class of arcs satisfying p differential and q finite equations phi_alpha(y_1,...,y_n;y_1^',...,y_n^')=0 for alpha=1,...,p ...

Let A be a commutative ring, let C_r be an R-module for r=0, 1, 2, ..., and define a chain complex C__ of the form C__:...|->C_n|->C_(n-1)|->C_(n-2)|->...|->C_2|->C_1|->C_0. ...

Let A be a unital C^*-algebra, then an element u in A is called co-isometry if uu^*=1.

A covariant tensor of rank 1, more commonly called a one-form (or "bra").

The system of partial differential equations u_t = (u^2-u_x+2v)_x (1) v_y = (2uv+v_x)_x. (2)

The characteristic exponent of a field is 1 if the field characteristic is 0 and p if the field characteristic is p.