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For an integer n>=2, let lpf(n) denote the least prime factor of n. A pair of integers (x,y) is called a twin peak if 1. x<y, 2. lpf(x)=lpf(y), 3. For all z, x<z<y implies ...

A connection on a vector bundle pi:E->M is a way to "differentiate" bundle sections, in a way that is analogous to the exterior derivative df of a function f. In particular, ...

The number 24 is equal to 4! (four factorial). A number puzzle asks to construct 24 in as many ways possible using elementary mathematical operations on three copies of the ...

Specifying two angles A and B and a side a opposite A uniquely determines a triangle with area K = (a^2sinBsinC)/(2sinA) (1) = (a^2sinBsin(pi-A-B))/(2sinA). (2) The third ...

Construct a chain C of 2n components in a solid torus V. Now thicken each component of C slightly to form a chain C_1 of 2n solid tori in V, where pi_1(V-C_1)=pi_1(V-C) via ...

Solutions to the associated Laguerre differential equation with nu!=0 and k an integer are called associated Laguerre polynomials L_n^k(x) (Arfken 1985, p. 726) or, in older ...

The quartic with implicit equation x^4=x^2y-y^3. (1) The bow has vertical tangents at (+/-2/9sqrt(3),2/9) and horizontal tangents at (+/-1/4sqrt(2),1/4). Its curvature is ...

The evolute of Cayley's sextic with parametrization x = 4acos^3(1/3theta)cost (1) y = 4acos^3(1/3theta)sint (2) is given by x_e = 1/4[2+3cos(2/3t)-cos(2t)] (3) y_e = ...

A gambling game played at carnivals in which a player may bet on any one of the numbers 1 through 6. Three dice are then rolled and, if his number appears, he receives back a ...

A graph is claw-free iff it does not contain the complete bipartite graph K_(1,3) (known as the "claw graph"; illustrated above) as a forbidden induced subgraph. The line ...