TOPICS
Search

Vertex Operator Algebra


A vertex operator algebra is a Z-graded vector space V= direct sum _(n in Z)V_n with finite-dimensional homogeneous pieces and V_n=0 for sufficiently negative n with a vacuum, a conformal vector, and a state-field correspondence satisfying the vacuum, translation, and Jacobi identities. For a state a, its field is the formal series of linear operators

 Y(a,z)=sum_(n in Z)a_((n))z^(-n-1).

For each b in V, lower truncation means Y(a,z)b in V((z)), the space of vector-valued formal Laurent series. The conformal vector supplies the grading operator L_0 and Virasoro algebra relations. CFT type means V= direct sum _(n>=0)V_n with V_0=COmega, where Omega is the vacuum.

For a family outside CFT type, Evans and Riesen (2026) announced that, for every odd N>=3, there is a simple, self-contragredient, regular, rational, C_2-cofinite vertex operator algebra E_N with central charge -16N and exactly N^2+3 irreducible modules. Here the central charge is the scalar parameter of the Virasoro algebra determined by the conformal vector. The least conformal degree of E_N is -(N-1)/2, so E_N is not of CFT type. Its representation category is announced to realize the Drinfeld center of a constructed untwisted cyclic Haagerup-Izumi fusion category on a nonunitary spherical branch. The identification is with the category constructed in the paper; an equivalence with an independently prescribed category is not asserted.

Evans and Riesen (2026) state that AI generated substantial initial mathematical arguments under human guidance. They report further human checking but explicitly leave complete independent verification pending.


See also

Braided Monoidal Category, Conformal Net, Formal Laurent Series, Laurent Series, Virasoro Algebra

Explore with Wolfram|Alpha

References

Evans, D. E. and Riesen, A. "Vertex Operator Algebra Realizations of Untwisted Haagerup-Izumi Centers." 23 Oct 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.32928.Keller, C. A. Introduction to Vertex Operator Algebras. Lecture Notes, Dec. 13, 2017. https://archive.math.arizona.edu/cakeller/VertexOperatorAlgebras.pdf.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Vertex Operator Algebra." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/VertexOperatorAlgebra.html

Subject classifications