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Vanishing at Infinity


Vanishing at infinity is the property of a continuous function f:X->C on a locally compact Hausdorff space that the set

 {x in X:|f(x)|>=epsilon}

is compact for every epsilon>0 (Rudin 1987, p. 70). Such functions form the Banach space C_0(X) with supremum norm

 ||f||_infty=sup_(x in X)|f(x)|.

Every continuous function with compact support vanishes at infinity, but the converse need not hold. For example, f(x)=1/(1+x^2) on R vanishes at infinity and has support all of R. The continuous functions with compact support form a dense subspace C_c(X) of C_0(X) in the supremum norm (Rudin 1987, p. 129).


See also

Compact Support, Function Space, Supremum Norm

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References

Rudin, W. Real and Complex Analysis, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Vanishing at Infinity." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/VanishingatInfinity.html

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