Let
be a simple graph on vertex
set
and let
be a subset of
. Two vertices
are called "
-visible" if there exists a shortest
path from
to
such that none of the internal vertices on the path belong to
. A set
is then called a mutual-visibility set of
if every pair of vertices in
is
-visible (Di Stefano 2022, Tonny and Shikhi 2025).
The maximum cardinality of a mutual-visibility set of is called the mutual-visibility
number.
The visibility polynomial records mutual-visibility sets by size: if
is the number of mutual-visibility sets of
of size
, and
is the mutual-visibility
number, then