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Lonely Runner Conjecture


The lonely runner conjecture asserts that, for any n distinct positive integers v_1,...,v_n, there is a real number t such that

 min_(1<=j<=n)||tv_j||>=1/(n+1),
(1)

where ||x|| denotes distance to the nearest integer, not a vector norm. In the running interpretation, a stationary runner and n other runners move on a unit-circumference circle, and every runner should at some time be at distance at least 1/(n+1) from all the others (Hu and Jing 2026).

Hu and Jing (2026) proved that there is an absolute constant c>0 such that, for every n>=2 and every such speed set,

 max_(t in R)min_(1<=j<=n)||tv_j||>(1+c)/(2n).
(2)

This is a fixed proportional improvement over 1/(2n), not the full conjectured bound. Hu and Jing (2026) report that ChatGPT suggested greatest-common-divisor sum estimates and refinements of a cited estimate, and helped close gaps in their dilation argument. The authors supplied the strategy and framework.

A geometric formulation is the view-obstruction problem for axis-aligned cubes centered at half-integer lattice points. The corresponding problem for Euclidean balls has different obstruction thresholds (Kahlon 2026).

For four distinct positive integer speeds, define the maximum loneliness by

 M(v_1,v_2,v_3,v_4)=max_(t in R)min_(1<=i<=4)min_(a in Z)|tv_i-a|.
(3)

Yi et al. (2026, Theorem 1.2) classify the values strictly below 1/4 as

 {m/(4m+2):m in Z, m>=2, m!=3}.
(4)

Thus 3/14 is the sole omitted value from the indicated family. This four-speed formulation includes a stationary observer, in addition to the four moving runners. The proof uses an exact search over 800816099 quadruples.


See also

Circle, Nearest Integer Function

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References

Hu, X. and Jing, Y. "Near Optimal Gap in the Lonely Runner Conjecture." 16 Oct 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.23790.Kahlon, V. "The View-Obstruction Problem for Spheres in Dimensions Six and Seven." 26 Oct 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37711.Perarnau, G. and Serra, O. "The Lonely Runner Conjecture Turns 60." Comput. Sci. Rev. 58, 100798, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2025.100798.Yi, H.; Gill, K.; and Bu, B. "Four Runners That Are Barely Lonely." 28 Oct 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40694v1.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Lonely Runner Conjecture." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LonelyRunnerConjecture.html

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