The Ehrhart polynomial of an
-dimensional lattice polytope
counts the lattice
points in its integer dilates. If the point
lattice is
,
then
|
(1)
|
for .
Ehrhart's theorem states that this counting function is a polynomial
in
of degree
with rational coefficients,
|
(2)
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(Ehrhart 1967, Pommersheim 1993). Specific coefficients have important geometric interpretations.
1.
is the content of
.
2.
is half the sum of the contents of the
-dimensional faces of
.
3. .
Let
denote the sum of the lattice lengths of the edges of
, then the case
corresponds to Pick's theorem,
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(3)
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Let
denote the sum of the lattice volumes of the two-dimensional faces of
, then the case
gives
|
(4)
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where a rather complicated expression is given by Pommersheim (1993), since can unfortunately not be interpreted
in terms of the edges of
. The Ehrhart polynomial of the tetrahedron with vertices
at (0, 0, 0), (
,
0, 0), (0,
,
0), (0, 0,
)
is
|
(5)
|
where
is a Dedekind sum,
,
,
(here, GCD is the greatest
common divisor), and
(Pommersheim 1993).
Even smooth polytopes can have negative Ehrhart coefficients. Liu et al. (2026) determined the least number of facets
for such a -dimensional
lattice polytope. There are no examples for
or
. The minimum is
for
or
, and
for every
. In dimension three they gave a six-facet example with
|
(6)
|