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Demazure Atom


A Demazure atom A_alpha(x) is a polynomial indexed by a weak composition alpha, defined by the recursion for key polynomials with every isobaric divided difference operator pi_i replaced by pi_i-1. The initial value is A_lambda=x^lambda for weakly decreasing lambda (Mason 2009). The atoms form a basis that refines the key-polynomial basis.

The Demazure t-atoms use instead T_i=(1-t)(pi_i-1)+ts_i, so A_alpha(x;0)=A_alpha(x) and A_alpha(x;1)=x^alpha. In the expansion K_alpha(x)=sum_(gamma)c_(alpha,gamma)(t)A_gamma(x;t), Alexandersson (2026) found a coefficient with sole negative term -t^(10) for alpha=(0,0,1,2,0,1,2,0,1,2,0,1,2,2) and gamma=(1^(14)). Degree 14 is minimal only within the tested family of length-n, size-n compositions with entries 0, 1, and 2. The example yields failures of flagged LLT polynomial atom positivity and of the corresponding stable-atom positivity assertion for modified nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials. It does not refute symmetric Macdonald positivity.


See also

Key Polynomial, LLT Polynomial, Macdonald Polynomial

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References

Alexandersson, P. "Counterexamples to Flagged LLT and Nonsymmetric Macdonald Atom Positivity." 12 Nov 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.16899v1.Mason, S. K. "An Explicit Construction of Type A Demazure Atoms." J. Algebraic Combin. 29, 295-313, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10801-008-0133-4.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Demazure Atom." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/DemazureAtom.html

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