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Binomial Approximation


The binomial approximation is the first-order approximation

 (1+x)^a approx 1+ax
(1)

for |x|<<1. It follows by truncating the binomial series

 (1+x)^a=1+ax+(a(a-1))/2x^2+...
(2)

after its linear term. More precisely, for fixed a,

 (1+x)^a=1+ax+O(x^2)
(3)

as x->0. Here O(x^2) is big-O notation indicating a remainder whose magnitude is bounded by a constant multiple of x^2 for all sufficiently small |x|. The approximation is exact when a=0 or 1.


See also

Big-O Notation, Binomial Series, Binomial Theorem, Taylor Series

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References

Apostol, T. M. Calculus, 2nd ed., Vol. 1: One-Variable Calculus, with an Introduction to Linear Algebra. Waltham, MA: Blaisdell, 1967.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Binomial Approximation." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BinomialApproximation.html

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