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Machin-like formulas have the form mcot^(-1)u+ncot^(-1)v=1/4kpi, (1) where u, v, and k are positive integers and m and n are nonnegative integers. Some such formulas can be ...

The equation of the curve of intersection of a torus with a plane perpendicular to both the midplane of the torus and to the plane x=0. (The general intersection of a torus ...

The inverse of the Laplace transform, given by F(t)=1/(2pii)int_(gamma-iinfty)^(gamma+iinfty)e^(st)f(s)ds, where gamma is a vertical contour in the complex plane chosen so ...

An equirectangular projection is a cylindrical equidistant projection, also called a rectangular projection, plane chart, plate carre, or unprojected map, in which the ...

Let O be an incidence geometry, i.e., a set with a symmetric, reflexive binary relation I. Let e and f be elements of O. Let an incidence plane be an incidence geometry whose ...

A number t_x=tan^(-1)(1/x)=cot^(-1)x, where x is an integer or rational number, tan^(-1)x is the inverse tangent, and cot^(-1)x is the inverse cotangent. Gregory numbers ...

A projection is the transformation of points and lines in one plane onto another plane by connecting corresponding points on the two planes with parallel lines. This can be ...

A lune is a plane figure bounded by two circular arcs of unequal radii, i.e., a crescent. (By contrast, a plane figure bounded by two circular arcs of equal radius is known ...

Perspective is the art and mathematics of realistically depicting three-dimensional objects in a two-dimensional plane, sometimes called centric or natural perspective to ...

Symmetry operations include the improper rotation, inversion operation, mirror plane, and rotation. Together, these operations create 32 crystal classes corresponding to the ...