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The conjugate gradient method is not suitable for nonsymmetric systems because the residual vectors cannot be made orthogonal with short recurrences, as proved in Voevodin ...

The bull graph is a simple graph on 5 nodes and 5 edges whose name derives from its resemblance to a schematic illustration of a bull or ram (whose face is the triangle and ...

Chebyshev iteration is a method for solving nonsymmetric problems (Golub and van Loan 1996, §10.1.5; Varga, 1962, Ch. 5). Chebyshev iteration avoids the computation of inner ...

If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent ...

A constant, sometimes also called a "mathematical constant," is any well-defined real number which is significantly interesting in some way. In this work, the term "constant" ...

In general, an integer n is divisible by d iff the digit sum s_(d+1)(n) is divisible by d. Write a positive decimal integer a out digit by digit in the form ...

An error-correcting code is an algorithm for expressing a sequence of numbers such that any errors which are introduced can be detected and corrected (within certain ...

Let K be a number field with r_1 real embeddings and 2r_2 imaginary embeddings and let r=r_1+r_2-1. Then the multiplicative group of units U_K of K has the form ...

Seeks to obtain the best numerical estimate of an integral by picking optimal abscissas x_i at which to evaluate the function f(x). The fundamental theorem of Gaussian ...

The Kaprekar routine is an algorithm discovered in 1949 by D. R. Kaprekar for 4-digit numbers, but which can be generalized to k-digit numbers. To apply the Kaprekar routine ...