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In physics, the word entropy has important physical implications as the amount of "disorder" of a system. In mathematics, a more abstract definition is used. The (Shannon) ...

Gossiping and broadcasting are two problems of information dissemination described for a group of individuals connected by a communication network. In gossiping, every person ...

Sampling at the Nyquist frequency.

A signal sampled at a frequency higher than the Nyquist frequency is said to be oversampled beta times, where the oversampling ratio is defined as ...

Let a discrete distribution have probability function p_k, and let a second discrete distribution have probability function q_k. Then the relative entropy of p with respect ...

An error which is superimposed on top of a true signal. Noise may be random or systematic. Noise can be greatly reduced by transmitting signals digitally instead of in analog ...

A measure nu of a strange attractor which allows the presence of chaos to be distinguished from random noise. It is related to the capacity dimension D and information ...

The characteristic escape rate from a stable state of a potential in the absence of signal.

A low-pass filter which is useful for smoothing data.

Let S be a nonempty set, then an ultrafilter on S is a nonempty collection F of subsets of S having the following properties: 1. emptyset not in F. 2. If A,B in F, then A ...