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In every residue class modulo p, there is exactly one integer polynomial with coefficients >=0 and <=p-1. This polynomial is called the normal polynomial modulo p in the ...

The distribution of a product of two normally distributed variates X and Y with zero means and variances sigma_x^2 and sigma_y^2 is given by P_(XY)(u) = ...

The ratio X/Y of independent normally distributed variates with zero mean is distributed with a Cauchy distribution. This can be seen as follows. Let X and Y both have mean 0 ...

Let M subset R^3 be a regular surface and u_(p) a unit tangent vector to M, and let Pi(u_(p),N(p)) be the plane determined by u_(p) and the normal to the surface N(p). Then ...

A normal series of a group G is a finite sequence (A_0,...,A_r) of normal subgroups such that I=A_0<|A_1<|...<|A_r=G.

According to many authors (e.g., Kelley 1955, p. 112; Joshi 1983, p. 162; Willard 1970, p. 99) a normal space is a topological space in which for any two disjoint closed sets ...

Let H be a subgroup of a group G. The similarity transformation of H by a fixed element x in G not in H always gives a subgroup. If xHx^(-1)=H for every element x in G, then ...

Amazingly, the distribution of a sum of two normally distributed independent variates X and Y with means and variances (mu_x,sigma_x^2) and (mu_y,sigma_y^2), respectively is ...

The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

The normalized vector of X is a vector in the same direction but with norm (length) 1. It is denoted X^^ and given by X^^=(X)/(|X|), where |X| is the norm of X. It is also ...