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A quantity (such as a statistical median, quartile deviation, etc.), which is calculated from observed data.

For two random variates X and Y, the correlation is defined bY cor(X,Y)=(cov(X,Y))/(sigma_Xsigma_Y), (1) where sigma_X denotes standard deviation and cov(X,Y) is the ...

The smallest statistical rank (either up or down) of a set of data.

(Deltau)_i^2=(u_i-u^_)^2, where u^_ is the average of {u_i}.

The distribution of a variable is a description of the relative numbers of times each possible outcome will occur in a number of trials. The function describing the ...

The median of a statistical distribution with distribution function D(x) is the value x such D(x)=1/2. For a symmetric distribution, it is therefore equal to the mean. Given ...

The probability of getting a positive result for a given test which should produce a positive result.

The term "range" has two completely different meanings in statistics. Given order statistics Y_1=min_(j)X_j, Y_2, ..., Y_(N-1), Y_N=max_(j)X_j, the range of the random sample ...

The ordinal number of a value in a list arranged in a specified order (usually decreasing).

A test used to determine the statistical significance of an observation. Two main types of error can occur: 1. A type I error occurs when a false negative result is obtained ...