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A forgetful functor (also called underlying functor) is defined from a category of algebraic gadgets (groups, Abelian groups, modules, rings, vector spaces, etc.) to the ...

The Gall orthographic projection is a cylindrical equal-area projection with standard parallel of 45 degrees.

The gnomonic projection is a nonconformal map projection obtained by projecting points P_1 (or P_2) on the surface of sphere from a sphere's center O to point P in a plane ...

The Hammer-Aitoff equal-area projection, also called the Hammer projection, is a map projection that is a modification of the Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection. It ...

The technique of extracting the content from geometric (tensor) equations by working in component notation and rearranging indices as required. Index gymnastics is a ...

An authalic latitude which is directly proportional to the spacing of parallels of latitude from the equator on an ellipsoidal Mercator projection. It is defined by ...

The Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection is a map projection having transformation equations x = k^'cosphisin(lambda-lambda_0) (1) y = ...

Let lambda be the longitude, lambda_0 the reference longitude, phi the latitude, phi_0 the reference latitude, and phi_1 and phi_2 the standard parallels. Then the ...

The latitude of a point on a sphere is the elevation of the point from the plane of the equator. The latitude delta is related to the colatitude (the polar angle in spherical ...

An ordinal number alpha>0 is called a limit ordinal iff it has no immediate predecessor, i.e., if there is no ordinal number beta such that beta+1=alpha (Ciesielski 1997, p. ...