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A New Kind of Science is a seminal work on simple programs by Stephen Wolfram. In 1980, Wolfram's studies found unexpected behavior in a collection of simple computer ...

The mean triangle area of a triangle picked inside a regular n-gon of unit area is A^__n=(9cos^2omega+52cosomega+44)/(36n^2sin^2omega), (1) where omega=2pi/n (Alikoski 1939; ...

There appears to be no term in standard use for a graph with graph crossing number 1. Furthermore, the terms "almost planar" and "1-planar" are used in the literature for ...

The n-sunlet graph is the graph on 2n vertices obtained by attaching n pendant edges to a cycle graph C_n (ISGCI), i.e., the coronas C_n circledot K_1 (Frucht 1979). Sunlet ...

Surreal numbers are the most natural collection of numbers which includes both the real numbers and the infinite ordinal numbers of Georg Cantor. They were invented by John ...

There are several definitions of "almost Hamiltonian" in use. As defined by Punnim et al. (2007), an almost Hamiltonian graph is a graph on n nodes having Hamiltonian number ...

A cubic curve invented by Diocles in about 180 BC in connection with his attempt to duplicate the cube by geometrical methods. The name "cissoid" first appears in the work of ...

The curl of a vector field, denoted curl(F) or del xF (the notation used in this work), is defined as the vector field having magnitude equal to the maximum "circulation" at ...

The n-double cone graph is the name given in the work to the graphs that geometrically correspond to a double cone obtained by connecting all vertices of two C_n cycle graphs ...

If A=>B and B=>A (i.e., A=>B ^ B=>A, where => denotes implies), then A and B are said to be equivalent, a relationship which is written symbolically in this work as A=B. The ...