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A chordless cycle of a graph G is a graph cycle in G that has no cycle chord. Unfortunately, there are conflicting conventions on whether or not 3-cycles should be considered ...

The (upper) clique number of a graph G, denoted omega(G), is the number of vertices in a maximum clique of G. Equivalently, it is the size of a largest clique or maximal ...

A cograph (or "complement-reducible graph") is simple graph defined by the criteria 1. K_1 is a cograph, 2. If X is a cograph, then so is its graph complement, and 3. If X ...

A column-convex polyomino is a self-avoiding convex polyomino such that the intersection of any vertical line with the polyomino has at most two connected components. ...

The conjugate gradient method can be applied on the normal equations. The CGNE and CGNR methods are variants of this approach that are the simplest methods for nonsymmetric ...

In the biconjugate gradient method, the residual vector r^((i)) can be regarded as the product of r^((0)) and an ith degree polynomial in A, i.e., r^((i))=P_i(A)r^((0)). (1) ...

Continuum percolation can be thought of as a continuous, uncountable version of percolation theory-a theory which, in its most studied form, takes place on a discrete, ...

The improvement of the convergence properties of a series, also called convergence acceleration or accelerated convergence, such that a series reaches its limit to within ...

The Copeland-Erdős constant has decimal expansion C=0.23571113... (OEIS A033308). The Earls sequence (starting position of n copies of the digit n) for e is given for n=1, 2, ...

A game played with two dice. If the total is 7 or 11 (a "natural"), the thrower wins and retains the dice for another throw. If the total is 2, 3, or 12 ("craps"), the ...