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The sequence of binary digits of the Thue constant, 0.110110111110110111110110110..._2 (OEIS A014578). A recurrence plot of the limiting value of this sequence is illustrated ...

If n>1, (a,n)=1 (i.e., a and n are relatively prime), and m is the least integer >sqrt(n), then there exist an x and y such that ay=+/-x (mod n) where 0<x<m and 0<y<m (Nagell ...

The operation of multiplication, i.e., a times b. Various notations are a×b, a·b, a*b, ab, and (a)(b). The "multiplication sign" × is based on Saint Andrew's cross (Bergamini ...

A strategy for the iterated prisoner's dilemma in which a prisoner cooperates on the first move, and thereafter copies the previous move of the other prisoner. Any better ...

The ordinary differential equation y^('')+(lambda-x^(2n))y=0.

In an exterior algebra ^ V, a top-dimensional form has degree n where n=dimV. Any form of higher degree must be zero. For example, if V=R^4 then alpha=e_1 ^ e_2 ^ e_3 ^ e_4 ...

A topological basis is a subset B of a set T in which all other open sets can be written as unions or finite intersections of B. For the real numbers, the set of all open ...

The closure of a set A is the smallest closed set containing A. Closed sets are closed under arbitrary intersection, so it is also the intersection of all closed sets ...

The topological completion C of a field F with respect to the absolute value |·| is the smallest field containing F for which all Cauchy sequences or rationals converge.

The term cube is used in topology to denote the Cartesian product of any (finite or infinite) number of copies of the closed interval [0,1] equipped with the product topology ...