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The process of approximating a quantity, be it for convenience or, as in the case of numerical computations, of necessity. If rounding is performed on each of a series of ...

A superegg is a solid described by the equation |sqrt((x^2+y^2)/(a^2))|^n+|z/b|^n=1. (1) The special case n=2 gives a spheroid. Special cases of volume V_n are given by V_1 = ...

Every convex body B in the Euclidean plane with area A can be inscribed in a triangle of area at most equal to 2A (Gross 1918, Eggleston 1957). The worst possible fit ...

An equilibrium minimal surface for a crystal or drop which has the least anisotropic surface free energy for a given volume. It is the anisotropic analog of a sphere. In the ...

The biggest little polygon with n sides is the convex plane n-gon of unit polygon diameter having largest possible area. Reinhardt (1922) showed that for n odd, the regular ...

The determination of whether a Turing machine will come to a halt given a particular input program. The halting problem is solvable for machines with less than four states. ...

A d-dimensional discrete percolation model is said to be inhomogeneous if different graph edges (in the case of bond percolation models) or vertices (in the case of site ...

The doubly noncentral F-distribution describes the distribution (X/n_1)/(Y/n_2) for two independently distributed noncentral chi-squared variables X:chi_(n_1)^2(lambda_1) and ...

The spherical Bessel function of the first kind, denoted j_nu(z), is defined by j_nu(z)=sqrt(pi/(2z))J_(nu+1/2)(z), (1) where J_nu(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind ...

The nth root (or "nth radical") of a quantity z is a value r such that z=r^n, and therefore is the inverse function to the taking of a power. The nth root is denoted ...