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The permanent is an analog of a determinant where all the signs in the expansion by minors are taken as positive. The permanent of a matrix A is the coefficient of x_1...x_n ...

The Petersen family of graphs, not to be confused with generalized Petersen graphs, are a set of seven graphs obtained from the Petersen graph (or complete graph K_6) by del ...

The rank polynomial R(x,y) of a general graph G is the function defined by R(x,y)=sum_(S subset= E(G))x^(r(S))y^(s(S)), (1) where the sum is taken over all subgraphs (i.e., ...

Let a number n be written in binary as n=(epsilon_kepsilon_(k-1)...epsilon_1epsilon_0)_2, (1) and define b_n=sum_(i=0)^(k-1)epsilon_iepsilon_(i+1) (2) as the number of digits ...

Rule 102 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

Rule 110 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

Sangaku problems, often written "san gaku," are geometric problems of the type found on devotional mathematical wooden tablets ("sangaku") which were hung under the roofs of ...

The Schröder number S_n is the number of lattice paths in the Cartesian plane that start at (0, 0), end at (n,n), contain no points above the line y=x, and are composed only ...

If two similar figures lie in the plane but do not have parallel sides (i.e., they are similar but not homothetic), there exists a center of similitude, also called a ...

Given a simplex of unit content in Euclidean d-space, pick n>=d+1 points uniformly and independently at random, and denote the expected content of their convex hull by ...