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The magnitude (length) of a vector x=(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) is given by |x|=sqrt(x_1^2+x_2^2+...+x_n^2).

If the first nonzero component of the vector difference A-B is >0, then A≻B. If the first nonzero component of A-B is <0, then A≺B.

Vector subtraction is the process of taking a vector difference, and is the inverse operation to vector addition.

The symbol v variously means "disjunction" (i.e., OR in logic) or "join" (for a lattice).

Oriented in an up-down position.

A function f(x) has a vertical tangent line at x_0 if f is continuous at x_0 and lim_(x->x_0)f^'(x)=+/-infty.

In the American system, 10^(63).

The generalization of a Voronoi polygon to n dimensions for n>2.

A^n+B^n=sum_(j=0)^(|_n/2_|)(-1)^jn/(n-j)(n-j; j)(AB)^j(A+B)^(n-2j), where |_x_| is the floor function and (n; k) is a binomial coefficient.

Solving the wave equation on a disk gives a solution in terms of Bessel functions.