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A subset B of a vector space E is said to be absorbing if for any x in E, there exists a scalar lambda>0 such that x in muB for all mu in F with |mu|>=lambda, where F is the ...

A pattern tau=(tau_1,...,tau_n) is said to avoid alpha=(alpha_1,...,alpha_k) if alpha is not contained in tau. In other words, tau avoids alpha iff no k-subset of tau is ...

Let t be a nonnegative integer and let x_1, ..., x_t be nonzero elements of Z_p which are not necessarily distinct. Then the number of elements of Z_p that can be written as ...

Let X be a metric space, A be a subset of X, and d a number >=0. The d-dimensional Hausdorff measure of A, H^d(A), is the infimum of positive numbers y such that for every ...

In a noncommutative ring R, a left ideal is a subset I which is an additive subgroup of R and such that for all r in R and all a in I, ra in I. A left ideal of R can be ...

An ideal I of a partial order P is a subset of the elements of P which satisfy the property that if y in I and x<y, then x in I. For k disjoint chains in which the ith chain ...

A positive matrix is a real or integer matrix (a)_(ij) for which each matrix element is a positive number, i.e., a_(ij)>0 for all i, j. Positive matrices are therefore a ...

Evans et al. (2000, p. 6) use the unfortunate term "probability domain" to refer to the range of the distribution function of a probability density function. For a continuous ...

The set of all Schwartz functions is called a Schwartz space and is denoted S(R^n). If C_0^infty(R^n) denotes the set of smooth functions of compact support on R^n, then this ...

A subset X of R^n is star convex if there exists an x_0 in X such that the line segment from x_0 to any point in X is contained in X. A star-shaped figure is star convex but ...