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Let K_1 be a knot inside a torus, and knot the torus in the shape of a second knot (called the companion knot) K_2, with certain additional mild restrictions to avoid trivial ...

Schur's partition theorem lets A(n) denote the number of partitions of n into parts congruent to +/-1 (mod 6), B(n) denote the number of partitions of n into distinct parts ...

Schur (1916) proved that no matter how the set of positive integers less than or equal to |_n!e_| (where |_x_| is the floor function) is partitioned into n classes, one class ...

The Seidel-Entringer-Arnold triangle is the number triangle consisting of the Entringer numbers E_(n,k) arranged in "ox-plowing" order, ...

As proved by Sierpiński (1960), there exist infinitely many positive odd numbers k such that k·2^n+1 is composite for every n>=1. Numbers k with this property are called ...

The Smale horseshoe map consists of a sequence of operations on the unit square. First, stretch in the y direction by more than a factor of two, then compress in the x ...

A Smarandache-Wellin number that is prime is known as a Smarandache-Wellin prime. Concatenations of the first n=1, 2, 4, 128, 174, 342, 435, 1429 (OEIS A046035; Ibstedt 1998, ...

A Smarandache prime is a prime Smarandache number, i.e., a prime number of the form 1234...n. Surprisingly, no Smarandache primes are known as of Nov. 2015. Upper limits on ...

A snake is an Eulerian path in the d-hypercube that has no chords (i.e., any hypercube edge joining snake vertices is a snake edge). Klee (1970) asked for the maximum length ...

The logarithmic integral is defined as the Cauchy principal value li(x) = PVint_0^x(dt)/(lnt) (1) = ...