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A Fredholm integral equation of the first kind is an integral equation of the form f(x)=int_a^bK(x,t)phi(t)dt, (1) where K(x,t) is the kernel and phi(t) is an unknown ...

An integral equation of the form phi(x)=f(x)+lambdaint_(-infty)^inftyK(x,t)phi(t)dt (1) phi(x)=1/(sqrt(2pi))int_(-infty)^infty(F(t)e^(-ixt)dt)/(1-sqrt(2pi)lambdaK(t)). (2) ...

Fredholm's theorem states that, if A is an m×n matrix, then the orthogonal complement of the row space of A is the null space of A, and the orthogonal complement of the ...

When referring to a planar object, "free" means that the object is regarded as capable of being picked up out of the plane and flipped over. As a result, mirror images are ...

A free Abelian group is a group G with a subset which generates the group G with the only relation being ab=ba. That is, it has no group torsion. All such groups are a direct ...

A group action G×X->X is called free if, for all x in X, gx=x implies g=I (i.e., only the identity element fixes any x). In other words, G×X->X is free if the map G×X->X×X ...

A group is called a free group if no relation exists between its group generators other than the relationship between an element and its inverse required as one of the ...

The end of the last gap in the Lagrange spectrum, given by F=(2221564096+283748sqrt(462))/(491993569)=4.5278295661... (OEIS A118472). Real numbers greater than F are members ...

French curves are plastic (or wooden) templates having an edge composed of several different curves. French curves are used in drafting (or were before computer-aided design) ...

Also known as the Serret-Frenet formulas, these vector differential equations relate inherent properties of a parametrized curve. In matrix form, they can be written [T^.; ...